Sun-Tracking Solar Panel System Without Microcontroller

Components

The system includes the following components:

1. Light Dependent Resistors (LDRs): Measure light intensity to determine the sun’s position.
   • LDRs: Used to detect light levels on different sides of the panel.
2. Operational Amplifiers (Op-Amps): Compare light levels from LDRs.
   • LM358: A dual operational amplifier used for analog signal processing.
3. Relays: Control the movement of the solar panel.
   • Relay Module: Used to switch the motors that adjust the panel’s position.
4. DC Motors: Adjust the solar panel’s position.
   • Gear Motors: Provide the necessary torque to move the panel.
5. Resistors and Potentiometers: Set thresholds and adjust sensitivity.
   • Fixed Resistors: For voltage division and biasing.
   • Potentiometers: For adjusting sensor sensitivity.
6. Power Supply: Powers the electronic components and motors.
   • Battery or DC Adapter: Provides the necessary voltage and current.